Symptoms Of Huntington s Disease - 1475 Words

In a situation like these, where one of the family members appear to have early symptoms of Huntington’s Disease as Motor Symptoms where, reflexes, muscle strength coordination, balance, sense of touch (sensory) vision and eye movement and hearing are affected Freddie will have a brain Scan at Neurological exam with specialized Neurologist. After that, genetic specialist counselor will get small blood samples from each member of family to see whether who are at risk of caring Huntington’s allele. At this point, the samples move to laboratory where it will be checking CAG DNA segment within Huntington gene. DNA is isolated from the blood sample and amplified through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a technique for rapidly producing,†¦show more content†¦The DNA segments become separated throughout the gel relatively. The separated DNA fragments the, will be counted indicating the number of CAG repeats in the Huntington’s gene. From 6 to 35 repeats are considered to be normal, that means that the person being tested does not have the Huntington allele and so the disease. From 35 repeats and above the person has the Huntington allele and will be showing eventually Huntington’s symptoms of the disease. At this case, the family has to be informed of the following results as the test came positive to Freddie, Agnes and Edward. These members of the family carry the Huntington’s allele and will be affected by . It is essential to decide whether they are planning of giving birth to Edward and inform about the lifestyle changes in their life’s. There are trials of treating and controlling HD, Question 2 : Characterising Yeast Mutants. Wild-type haploid or diploid yeast strains ferment sugar to form ethanol, but the yeast are somewhat sensitive to ethanol and this sensitivity limits production of ethanol to ~6% weight by volume (w/v). The Chapelcross brewery mutated their haploid production strains of yeast and found three mutant strains that are tolerant to ethanol (up to ~15%). They plan on exploiting these strains to boost whiskey production and to expand into the biofuel industry to help create a strong and independent Scotland. The ethanol-tolerant

The Effects Of Cognitive Deficits On Children - 2742 Words

Children in institutional care such as foster care or adoption are at a heightened risk for poor psychosocial outcomes. These risks include psychopathology, substance abuse, juvenile delinquency, academic failure and problems with peers. Their poor performance may result from their experiences of either maltreatment or abuse. Given that this population of children has poor long term outcomes, their deficits in cognitive functioning will assist in the development of more suitable interventions and psychotherapeutic treatment services. This study examined deficits in memory using a sample of 5 to 12-year old maltreated foster/adoption children (n=20) and a comparison group of same-aged, nonmaltreated children living with their biological†¦show more content†¦Since this is a huge problem in the legal system, there has been a huge debate on whether or not the reports of recovering memories of abuse can be authentic, since human memory is susceptible to distortion. These types of memories can either help or hurt people in the system for example prosecuting an innocent person who was accused of being an abuser. However, very few studies have been done on the population of at risk children such as those in foster care or adoption. Children in foster care and adoption are a unique group that deserves research recognition. This population of children faces a long-term life of consequences because of the maltreatment, abuse and neglect. The importance of being able to understand what child maltreatment and neglect is crucial because of the danger it can cause a child. Child maltreatment is an urgent public health problem for many reasons. This paper expects to investigate the negative effects of early maltreatment/abuse on social and psychological functioning. Literature Review Emotion Understanding and Theory of Mind At risk children such as maltreated and abused children are at a higher risk of poor psychosocial outcomes such as substance abuse, juvenile delinquency, academic failure, and future problems with peer relations (Pears Fisher, 2005). This study looked at the deficits in memory abilities among abused and maltreated children and suggested that being in foster care was

Euthanasia

Question: In which Countries and Why Euthanasia is not Legal and Unethical. Answer: Introduction: Euthanasia is a medical term that applies to the deliberate act of killing a patient, who has been suffering from an incurable disease, and has no chance of getting well. Although this is an instance of medical intervention whereby the doctor intends to relieve the patient, the unnatural act of killing a person is considered to be unethical in countries like Canada, Switzerland, Britain and most of the states of the USA. Methodology: In order to understand why Euthanasia is unethical, and why is it banned in other countries, the report employed the use of Qualitative Research Method, whereby secondary information were being collected from different literary articles and magazines, published by scholars, examining the ethical and legal arguments against Euthanasia, and the reasons behind the same (Anneser et al. 2016). Results: From the thorough analysis of the literary articles and published journals, it has been observed that Euthanasia has been considered to be unethical on account of the fact that social thinkers point out that there is something inherently wrong about legalizing unnatural death simply because the patient is suffering from inhuman pain. A research study was being conducted in Oregon in the year of 2013 that claimed that patients chose euthanasia not for alleviating the excruciating pain they were battling with, simply because they did not want to be a burden for others (Subba et al. 2016). Countries such as Switzerland have completely banned Euthanasia, and arranges for medical experts to counsel and morally support terminally ill people (Browne and Russell 2016). Countries like Britain and India also claim that Euthanasia should not be approved as it is a form of assisted suicide. Most importantly, most of the people have protested against Passive Euthanasia, whereby a patient sufferin g from incurable disease, is killed without his consent. The protesters claimed that cessation of the present treatment, and the use of much more effective treatment can easily alleviate the pain of the patient, without killing him. Besides, several medical journals have also claimed that though terminally ill patients are killed through Euthanasia, it is not acceptable, as medical reports suggest that patients diagnosed to be terminally ill had often lived for years, and life span of a patient is usually unpredictable (Snead 2014). Discussion: It has been observed that the major ethical argument against Euthanasia is that it intends to demean and belittle the importance of sanctity of life. While the religious objection claims that any form of life is a part of the divine process, and human intervention should be prevented, the sociologists claimed that Euthanasia endorses the idea that the lives of the sick and disabled people are far less expensive than the lives of the healthy people. This kind of social exclusion of the disadvantageous section of the society is highly unacceptable in countries like India. Further, it should be noted that Euthanasia is deemed to be an easier way of getting away from troubles associated with healthcare provision of the sick and terminally ill people. Scientific studies have strongly suggested that effective palliative care does cure anyone, and allowing Euthanasia will encourage the doctors to neglect their dedication towards curing patients with complex diseases. Besides, according to B BC, the implementation of Euthanasia would also negatively affect the development of new innovative forms of healthcare treatments for complicated diseases, as assisted suicide would always tend to be an easy choice to make (Emanuel et al. 2016). Another very important point here is that the government of any nation is expected to partially bear medical expenses for its residents, but killing him would be a cost effective measure that would contribute to the laid back tendency of the governmental institutions (Sade 2015). For instance, once the Euthanasia law was legalized in Oregon, in the next 18 months, it was observed that little or no fund was being made available on part of the government for its extremely sick and elderly citizens. It is important to note that birth and death both are parts of the natural process, and thus Euthanasia is an example of destructive human intervention that destroys the life of a human being, who is left with no choice often, but to embrace death, being pressurized by the doctors and his family. It is needless to state that legalizing Euthanasia also passes a wrong message to the society, and might encourage teenagers to commit suicide with greater ease, as a means of solving trivial problems of life. Conclusion: To conclude, it should be remembered that Euthanasia cannot be justified under any condition, as the very concept itself tends to undermine the importance of human life and dignity, and offers death as the easiest alternative. Euthanasia not only passes a social message that is ethically wrong, but it also does injustice to the patients. References Anneser, J., Jox, R.J., Thurn, T. and Borasio, G.D., 2016. Physician-assisted suicide, euthanasia and palliative sedation: attitudes and knowledge of medical students.GMS journal for medical education,33(1). Browne, A. and Russell, J.S., 2016. Physician-assisted death in Canada.Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics,25(03), pp.377-383. Emanuel, E.J., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B.D., Urwin, J.W. and Cohen, J., 2016. Attitudes and practices of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in the United States, Canada, and Europe.Jama,316(1), pp.79-90. Sade, R.M., 2015. Can a physician ever justifiably euthanize a severely disabled neonate?.The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery,149(2), pp.532-532. Snead, O.C., 2014. Carter Snead lecture" Physician Assisted Suicide: Objections in Principle and in Prudence". Subba, S.H., Khullar, V., Latafat, Y., Chawla, K., Nirmal, A. and Chaudhary, T., 2016. Doctors Attitude Towards Euthanasia: A Cross-sectional Study.Journal of The Association of Physicians of India,64, p.44.

The evaluation of the argument from a bumper sticker

Regardless of its innocent surface, a bumper sticker including an equation with the word marriage in its left side and the components of 1 man and 1 woman united with a summation sign in its right side conveys a number of implied arguments. The overt argument of this sticker is that a legal union between a man and a woman is defined as marriage, but the form of the strict equation chosen for this statement implies that it is the only possible form of marriage, while the other forms are not admissible.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The evaluation of the argument from a bumper sticker specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Though the statement of the bumper sticker coincides with the definition of marriage under the Defense of Marriage Act, its implied arguments concerning the inadmissibility of other forms of unions discriminates feelings of ethnical and sexual minorities. Analyzing this simple statement, it can be lo gically assumed that the marriage between the representatives of the same sex and marriage between more than two partners is regarded as impossible. However, taking into account the fact that same sex marriage has already been legalized in five states, it can be noted that this argument can even not comply with the current legislation, depending upon the peculiar location. In other words, the contextual environment should be taken into consideration for evaluating at least the legal basis for making such an assertion in a specific community. The implied meaning of the term marriage should be taken into consideration for understanding this message in its full context. Thus, along with the definition of marriage as a legal contract, another meaning of this concept as perceived by the modern community is a social union. Then, treating the left side of the equation, namely the word marriage in its second meaning of a social union, the use of the legal restrictions for the construction o f the argument would be inappropriate. In that regard, not only a same sex marriage but even a union of more than two partners justified either with religious or personal views appears as possible. However, taking into account the strict equation as the chosen form for expressing the argument, the simple mathematical rules can be considered for evaluating the implied arguments. Thus, according to the rules of equation, the summation of other components can give the same value. It is possible to hypothesize that this bumper sticker shown only one of the possible forms of marriage. However, then exhibiting the sticker to the wide audience as a form of expressing the views of the driver would be senseless. Thus, it can be stated that regardless of the original mathematical form of expressing the argument, the mathematical rules are inappropriate for evaluating all the implied meanings of the argument under consideration because some of them are created by the situational context and th e driver’s intentions.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The role of the driver and his/her intentionality as the ethos component of the argument should be taken into account for estimating the statement. It is obvious that the argument reflects the driver’s personal views. However, the bumper sticker as the form of sharing one’s views can be regarded as the mode of self-expression. Exhibiting this sticker to the wide audience, the driver intends to affect the feelings of the surrounding and even expects certain reactions from them. Taking into account the driver’s motives in expressing the concern, it can be stated that the chosen form of expression reduces the persuasiveness of the implied arguments. Analyzing the variety of possible implied arguments and interpretations of the message written on a bumper sticker, it can be stated that the situational context, the background information and the ethos element deserve special consideration for interrogating the argument under consideration. This essay on The evaluation of the argument from a bumper sticker was written and submitted by user Jason Day to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.